Pipe lining apparatus



July 4,1944. 1w. R. BREND PIPE LINING APPARATUS Filed July 23, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 fr lll/ll 1 lll/1l /l/lL/IIIII Il l ll 111111/ im, 8 l m l l 4 kI IE5 /4l 1 J Il 3 6 vI 6 4 6 @M wwf fr@ M 0 n f l 71 m 7 ,0 7 8 l 3 6 4 O M a ,3 5A W INVENTOR. W/ll/HM R BRE/Ya d, /l/MA/ .TTRE'Y M y .i Y Y q 2221,24 1. er ml'h il 4 "July 4, 1944 w. R. BREND PIPE LINING APPARATUS Filed July 23, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 llllffllldfl IN V EN TOR.

July 4, 1944. w. R. BREND PIPE LINI'NG APPARATUS Filed July 2s, ms

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVEN TOR. WILL/HM l?. BRf/Y PII Patented July 4, 1944 rmi Limo' APPARATUS -wiiiism n. Breno, East omiso, N. J., assignor i to Lock Joint Pipe Company, East Orange,

N. J., a corporation of New 'Jersey ,y 4 Appiioaiion July z3, 1943, sor-isi No. '495,826

'I'his invention relates to apparatus for lining pipe. It is among the objects of the present in through impact.

vention to provide apparatus for lining the interior of a pipe by directing a stream of concrete or other plastic material infacircularfpath with rotating impellingelements whichgforin and project the streamA forcefullyagainst the interior of thepipe.v Y V E I Another object of `the invention is to provide apparatus having a rotating head with impelling elements arranged in balanced relation for projecting two or more streams of concrete or other plastic material fromthroats formed be# tween the cylindrical surfaces of the impelling elements.

Other objects of the present invention will be hereinafter set forth in the `accompanying specification and claims and demonstrated by Vthe drawings which show by way of illustration a preferred embodiment and the principle of my invention, and Vwhat I now consider the best mode in which I havegontemplated applying that principle.. Otherembodiments of the invention employing the same .principle may be used and structuralv` changes` Vmade as desired by those skilled in the art within the spirit `of the appended" claims and without departingfrom the present invention.

In the drawings, l

Fig. 1 shows a side elevation of the apparatus, partly in section, in position within a pipe.

s claims. (ci. 91-44) thoroughly coated and the 'is fdnsied t Relative motion between the apparatus and the pipe is provided so esto lay helical windings or courses of plastic material uponthe interior wall of a pipe in Suche manner as to form a continuous lining. In the `embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings, the apparatus .is mounted for travel through a pipe line but the l apparatus may be' arrangedto extend within a section of pipe during fabrication.

r. The apparatus of the present invention einploys two ormore moving discharge throats which forma pair of streams ofy plastic materiel `and,

project them at high velocity in opposite directions. Each .throat is formed by the` cylindrical surfaces of a pair of cooperating brushes which rotate lin opposite directions. Theends of the bristles form roughened surfaces which take hold and impart kinetic energy to the material. A

As shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment of the invention employs three brushes Il.' Il and Y `l2 mounted respectively on parallel shafts Il, I5

and it which are preferably disposed in a single plane passing through the axis of a Mary head l1. Brushes il and I `I are so mmm that their `peripheries contacter substantially contact to Fig. 2 is o. sectionl of the rotary head online 2 2 of Fig. 1';

Fig. 3 isan end view of the rotary head with the end cover removed; l

Fig. 4 is a section through the `rotary head on line I-l of Fig. 1; g

Fig. 5 isa section throughvthe rotary head and a portion of the feeding mechanism online 5-5 of Fig. l1;

Fig. e is a detail through line 6 1 of Fig. 4; ,o

Fig. 'l is another detail through line 'l-`l` of t Fig. 4. l

The apparatus and process of this invention are concerned primarily `with lining the interior of pipeswith plastic materials and particularly materials which are plastic and moldable and which subsequently harden or set'in a solid mass. The' apparatus is particularly suitable for applying coatings of such plastic materials as contain solid matter or aggregate such `as mixturescontaining sand, or other'concrete materials, mixed with cement. Efficacy of thefapparatus resides inits capability-for applying concrete ata rapid rate andunder conditions which" produce a'well-anchored and long-wearing coating. To effect this, J

the apparatus is designed to project streams of plastic material .at-a high velocity, with the result that the interior of it` pipe, however rough,r`is

vform a throat or locus of discharge Il and brush I2 is likewise arranged with 'respect to brush ll to provide a second throat or locus 0f discharge I! at their line of tengono?. The brushessre keyed to their respective shafts and are driven by mechanism which will be `described hereinafter. V

Brushes I I and l2 are driveuin the same direction about their respective 'maand brush Il is rotated oppositely sol thatlthe surfaces of the brushescooperating together to form the throat at Il move in a common directionand the surfaces of the brushes cooperating together to form the throat at `Is also. move in a common direction. 'I'he two streams projected from throats Il and i9 are directed oppositely, as shown at 20 and 2| in Fig. 3, and they are caused to travel around the pipe 22 by the rotation of rotary head I1.

The rotary head includes a hollow cylindrical member 25 having a partitioning wall 2i intermediate its ends. t The partitioning wall is secured `to a conical member 27 which is in turn keyed to hollow shaft 28 and is-driven thereby. The rotary head is mounted on bearings` 2l between itself and the exteriorot conduit 3l. The front end of the rotary head carries an annular plate 3| .which carries one race of radial bearings l2. The other'race for these bearings is carried by a flange 33 extending from the exterior of conduit 30. o

. The Vrear` end of the rotary head houses the rotary brushes Il, Il and i2. The ends of shafts I5 and l,iwhich support brushes Il and I 2, re-

spectively. are mounted in bearings which are supported in frames which permit adjustment of the bearings and the spacing between shafts Il and if and shafts I4 and It.

Adjustment is provided to make correction for the wear of the brushes and to enable adjustment of the apparatus to deliver different mortars and concretes under efficient operating conditions. For mortars of fine aggregate the peripherles of the brushes may contact. but for mortars containing coarse aggregate it is desirable to provide space between their peripheries at their points of closest approach.

Both sets of bearings and frames are illustrated in Fig. 2. Since the construction of these frames and bearings are similar, it will suiiice to describe one unit. The inside frame Il is secured to the rotary head opposite the partition plate 1l, and the outside frame Il` is secured to an end plate 3l which constitutes a wall of the brush housing. Each frame :has a pair of guide rails il. Il, Fig. 3, which engage grooves in each side of bearing block 4I. This bearing block supports one end of shaft 1i.

The upper cross-bar of the frame has a tapped hole l! which engages an adjusting screw vwhose lower end is rotatably engaged with the bearing block 4I. By rotating the screws It, M, of an associated pair of bearings, the brushsupporting shaft may be moved towards or away from shaft Il for adjusting the spa-:ing between the brushes. Brush-supporting shaft Il is mounted in like manner in frames", Il, and is similarly adjustable. .'ihe brushes are enclosed at their sides by removable wall ll and a detachable partitioning wall 41. Slots are provided in these walls for permittingediustment of the position of the brushcarrying shafts towards and away from eachother.

The rearward end of shaft M is supported in bearings Il and I9, each of which. is sealed against infiltration of water or cement by packing washers Bl, Il. l

Brush Il is keyed to shaft Il and revolves therewith. The end of shaft Il is provided with a sprocket 52, Figs. 2 and 3. for driving shafts il and Il. Shafts Il and Il carry sprockets" and Il, respectively, which'are engaged by a chain II. This chain is ldriven from sprocket B2. Inasmuch as it is desirable to have a common linear velocity between the contacting surfaces of the brushes at l and il, the diameters of the` sprockets can be selected to attain this purpose, Ordinarily sprockets l2. and Il' would be of riage travel depends upon the capacity of the ribbons or streams of material which are being movement of the carriage. The carriage includes f i a casing I1 which comprises a hopper .l and a tubular conduit C in communication with eachv other. The tubular chamber includes the lower rounded part of the hopper forming a trough 1l and an annular conveying chamber 1| which discharges through a conduit extension 3l into they rotary distributing head il. The hopper Il discharges directly into the conveying conduit and the material in the conduit is advanced therethrough, through extension conduit 8l and to the distributing head I1 under power.

the same diameter and the diameters of the three B5 brushes would be alike. Chain Bl also passes over sprocket Il on shaft lll. Shaft B1 is adiustably supported in order to enable adjustment of the .positions of the bru-:hcarrying shafts 'Il and il.

Sprocket II serves as an idler. It is carried by bearings slidably supported in a frame Il, one

at each end of shaft l1. These frames are fasf tened to partitioning wall 2'! and end wall 3l.

Adjusting screw Il serves'to tighten or slacken the chain.

VAs shown in Ililg. 1. the apparatus is mounted upon a carriage 'l having a pair of traction wheels Il, l2, and a single front wheel. The wheels tl and t! are driven through suitable connection by motor Il. A variable speed transmission and a speed reduction unit is provided between the motor andthe tractionv wheels by which the speed of travel of the carriage may be controlled. The 'choice of speed of car- 'Ihe casing 61 is stationaryupon the carriage and the plastic material contained thereinis advancedby a pair of worms 12, 1I, mounted upon hollow shaft 2l. 'I'he pitch and numberof worms is optional. The center of the hollow shaft and worms is coaxial with the tubular conduit II.

The forward end of the hollow shaft is mounted in bearing 1l at the front end of the carriage. The other end kof the hollow shaft is supported indirectly from casing C1 by meansl of bearings 2l. the rotarygdistributing head` I1 and conical member 2l to which the ldistributing head and hollow shaft Il are secured. Hollow shaft 2e is keyed tothe conical member 21 and the distributing head is detachably connected to member '21 as by screws through the partitioning wall Il.

Bearings 2l are supportedby the. conduit l. which extendsl from conduit 1I. Suitable packingseals bearings 2! from infiltrationof material from conduit Il. 1

The hollow shaft, withy its worms, conical member' 21 and the distributing head Il all rotate together with respect -to casing l1 yand carriage il. As seen inFig. l, the drive for these elements includes a motor 11, a gear reduction unit 1I, sprockets and chain 'Il'. shaft 8l and sprockets and chain Il. The ratios of the reduction unit and of the transmission are chosen so as to rotate the hollow shaft with its worms 'andV distributing 'head at a speed which is compara-- tively low with respect to the rotary speed of the impeliing mechanism of the apparatus.,v B! changes in gearing different angular speeds of the worms and the distributing head may be ob-- tained.

'I'he material is advanced through theconveying tube Il under propulsion from the worms and is directed laterally within conduit il by the conical member 21. The material leaving the worms.

and entering the annular space outside of conical member `21 is preferably subdivided into a` number of channels formed, byvanes Il, Figui. 5

and 6, extending inwardly from the wall of con-- duit extension Il. I-'hese vanes may be planar or spiral. as desired. Y

The .material advanced by the worms is directed into the rotary head il through a paix-:of openings Il, It in partitioning wall 2l, Figs. 4.o..

6 and 7. In front of each of these openings there is disposed scooping members l1, Il, respectively.

which extend into the annular space beyond the the partitioning wall 2t and the brush housing` wall, I1 for delivery through openings IP and a,ssa,7es y y w and ma ingresses u, n of the throats n and Il, respectively, of the pairs of brushes.` v.

As illustrated in rig. 4, one of the walls or the eway constitutingthe ingress' I to the brushes Il and l2 is formed bya plate en-y closing the outer side of the passageway, is curved to enclose the outsideof cylindrical brush I2, and

then-continues on asa wall 9| of-an outlet opening where it is attached to the eyundricau wan el.'`

one edge of the outletuopening through whichy the stream of material propelled by brushes Il' and Ii passes. i

'I'he conduit of ingress l! between wall l1 and end plate fll is formed in like manner by complementally-shaped strips of metal l! and IIN.

The passageways immediately in advance of ingresses lIl and!! tothe respective Vpairs of rotating brushes are so shaped asto .provide a steady flow of material across the entire widths of the brushes and they are pitched from the openings "and 86 respectively in partitioning wall Il toward the brushes,v like as shown in Fig. 7.

While these passageways or ,conduits` are formed by curved and flat plates providing rectangular conduits of varying cross-section, tubing connecting with the openings Il and Il and curved to empty into areas of ingress 9| and l2, respectively, would be suitable for the purpose. Portions atthe' forward or entrance ends of such passageways'are preferably helical and discharge opposite the surfaces of the brushes between parallel planes flanking the sides of the brushes so as to advance materialv against the brush surfaces in their directions of travel.

It is desirable that the material be fed tothe brushes at a uniform rate and without interruption. All of the eways between the brushes and the propelling worms are designed withthis end in view. Another factor which affects the bristles impart theirV movement to particles nearer the midpoint of the stream. The endso the bristles constitute a moving orince.4 y v In using the apparatuswthe operating mechanism is actuated and the `carriage is advanced along the interior of a Pipe at a measured rate. The determination of rate of advance through the pipe `is dependent in part upon the width -of the streams of plastic material being applied, and also upon thethickness ofthe lining layer desired. As the apparatus progresses through the pipe, the rotation of the rotary head causes the streams of plastic material to apply helical courses oflining material. It is apparent that the rotary head can beused inconnection with a non-travelling casing and feeding mechanism arranged to extend with a pipe and the helical l trace of plastic material applied by moving a pressure of the material being delivered by the worms is the ratio` of. speed between .v rotating brushes and the rotating worms.y This is controlled by regulating the respectivel speeds-of the drivesfor the worms and yfor shaft l I4 which op` crates the brushes. l

Brushes le," and l: are devenu-em shaftV terial immediately upon application, and for this purpose mechanism comprising a pair of trowels may be` mounted upon the cover Ill which forms a demountable housing for the outer bearing frames and sprocket-drive for brushes Il and Il.

What is claimed is:

l. In apparatus for applyingplastic material to the interior of a pipe, the combination comprising rotatable. means for distributing plastic materialin a circular path, plastic material impelling means rotatably mounted'on said rotatable distributing means, a second plastic mate rial impelling means mounted for rotation on an axis coinciding with the axis of said rotatable means, bothfof said plastic material impelling means being in thesame plane with their nperipheries'intangential relationship, means for rotating said plastic material impelling means in opposite directions, means carried by said rotatable distributing means having a passageway therein for directingplastic material vto the ingress to said rotatable impelling means, means Ifor delivering plastic material to said passageway, and means for rotating said rotatable distributing means so asto continuously change the direction of discharge of plastic material being impelledfrom between saidimpelling means.

2. InV apparatus for applying plastic'material tothe interor of a'pipe. the combination comprising ,a rotatable member lfor distributing plasticmaterial'inja circularpath, a rotatable im# peiling elementmounted lor rotation on an axis common to the axis of said rotatable distributing pable of projecting substantially uniform streams of lmaterial wherein all of vthe particles voi.' material are moving" at-substa'ntially the same velocity. This is because the material which is presented to the brushes and projected from "ai locus midway between the axes of the brushes is"contacted clear across both lsides of a .prof

pelled ribbon or stream by surfaces which have member and rotatablel independently lo! said distributing member, 'a second rotatable impelling element mounted ongan axisparallel to said mst-named axis and carried by said distributing `memberl said two rotatable impelling elements being disposed in the same plane with their peripheral surfaces forming a discharge mouth V therebetween, means including a conduit within said` distributing member having its discharge ond discharging atthe ingress side of ysaid discharge mouth for supplying plastic material `to said ingress. and means for driving said rotatable impelling elements in opposite directions for impelling plastic material from the discharge mouth therebetween. l

3. In apparatus for applying -plastic material tothe interior oi a pipe, the combination com prising rotatable means for distributing plastic material ina circular path, a cylindrical brush rotatably mounted on said rotatable distributing means, means carried by said rotatable distribut- 'ing means for rotating said cylindrical brush, a

second cylindrical brush rotatably mounted on an axis coinciding with the axis of said rotatable distributing means and in the same plane with said first-named cylindrical brush, means for rotating said second-named cylindrical brush, means carried by said rotatable distributing means having a passageway therein for directing plastic material to the ingress to said cylindrical -brushes, means for continuously delivering plastic material to said passageway,'and means for rotating said rotatable distributing means to continuously change the direction of discharge of plastic material from between said rotary brushes.

4. In apparatus for applying plastic material to the interior of a pipe, the combination comprising a rotatable member for distributing plastic material in a circular path, a cylindrical brush mounted for rotation on an axis common to the axis of said rotatable distributing member, a second cylindrical brush mounted on an axis parallel to said first-named axis and carried by said distributing member, said two cylindrical brushes being disposed in thesame plane with theirperipheral surfaces forming a discharge mouth therebetween, means carried by said distributing member for enabling the adjustment olf the spaced relationship between the axes of said cylindrical brushes to change the amount of opening of said discharge mouth, means for driving said cylindrical brushes in opposite directions, a conduit within said distributing member having its discharge end discharging at the ingress side of said discharge mouth, and means for supplying plastic material to said conduit.

5. In apparatus for applying plastic material to the interior of a pipe, the combination ccmprising a rotatable distributing member, means supporting said distributing member and having means for feeding plastic material to said rotatable distributing member, a rotatable brush mounted concentrically with said rotatable distributing member and having a cylindrical exteriorsurface, means for rotating said brush, a second rotatable brush having a cylindrical exterior ysurface opposite the cylindrical exterior surface of said first-named brush on a line of tangency, means for rotatably supporting said second-named brush on said distributing member, means for rotating `said second-named brush, a conduit carried by said distributing member and having an entrance opening connecting with said feeding means and a discharge opening opposite the ingress side of said pair of rotatable brushes, andmeans for rotating said distributing member to cause the plastic material advanced by said feeding means and through said conduit to be impelled from between the cylindrical surfaces of said brushes in a continuously changing circular path.

6. In apparatus for applying plastic material to the interior of a pipe, the combination comprising a rotatable distributing member, a support for said distributing member and means associated therewith for feeding plastic material to said rotatable distributing member, a rotatable brush mounted concentrically with said drical exterior surface of said first-named brush and forming a discharge opening between the two cylindrical surfaces, means for rotatablyA supporting said second-named brush onv said distributing member, means for rotating said second-named brush, aconduit carried by said distributing member and having an entrance opening connecting with said feeding means and a, discharge opening opposite the ingress vside ofv the discharge opening'of said pair of rotatable brushes, the entrance portion of said conduit` being pitched in such direction with respectto the direction of rotation of said distributing member as to facilitate the travel of plastic maf'` terial therethrough, and means for rotating said distributing member to cause the plastic matefrial advanced by said feeding means to be received by said conduit and deliveredto the cylin-Y drical surfaces of said brushes for projection thereby. v

7. In apparatus for applying'plastic material tothe interior of a pipe, the combination com@ prising a rotatable distributing member, ja rotatable brushrmounted concentrically with said ro-A tary distributing member and having a cylindri-Kl cal exterior surface, al rotatablebrush carried by said distributing member and havingv a portion means for providing plastic material to said conduits in said-rotatable distributing member.

8. In apparatus for applying plastic material to the interior of a pipe, the combination comv prising a rotatable distributing member, means supporting said distributing member and having means for feeding plastic material to said rotary distributing member, means for rotating said f distributing member, a rotatable brush mounted concentrically with said rotary distributin member and having a cylindrical exterior surface, means for rotating said brush independent.-

ly of said distributing member, a rotatame brush f carried by said distributing lmember and having a portion of its periphery opposite the periphery of said vflrst--named rotatable brush and provid? ing between said rotatable brushes a discharge Y mouth, another rotatable brush also carried by said rotatable distributing member and having a portion of its periphery opposite the periphery of said first-named rotatable brush and providing a second discharge mouth,-said last twonamed rotatable brushes being disposed onopposite sides of said'rst-named lrotatable'brush,

means for rotating said two last-named brushes in synchronism with said first-named brush,v and conduits in said rotatabledistributing member, each conduit having connection with said plastic material feeding means and its discharge end discharging at the ingress side of one of said discharge mouths. y

WILLIAM R. BREND. 

